أ ـ عِلمُ الكِتابِ
Knowledge of the Book
فيما يتعلق بالمراد من «الكتاب» في هذا الحديث احتمالات عديدة ، فقال البعض إنّ المراد منه هو اللوح المحفوظ ، وقال آخرون إنّ المراد منه هو التوراة والإنجيل ، ويرى البعض أنّ المراد به هو القرآن الكريم ، والذي نراه هو أنّ المراد به كتاب خاصّ من اطلع عليه تمتع بقدرة معنويّة خارقة للعادة .
There are numerous possibilities as to what is meant by al-Kitab in this report. Some scholars have said that it refers to the Preserved Tablet, others have said that it refers to the Old Testament (Torah) and the New Testament (Gospels). Some are of the opinion that it refers to the Noble Quran. We are of the opinion that it refers to a specific book knowledge of which imparts extraordinary suprasensory power.
821. الإمام عليّ عليه السلامـ في قَولِ اللّهِ تَبارَكَ وتَعالى :
821. Imam Ali (AS) said – concerning the saying of God:
«قُلْ كَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدَا بَيْنِى وَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ مَنْ عِندَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتَـبِ» الرعد : 43 .
“Say, God suffices as a witness between me and you, and he who possesses the knowledge of the Book” Quran, 13:43.
ـ: أنَا هُوَ الَّذي عِندَهُ عِلمُ الكِتابِ .
- I am the one who has knowledge of the Book.”
بصائر الدرجات : ص216 ح21 .
Basair al-Darajat, p. 216, h. 21.
ب ـ عِلمُ القُرآنِ
Knowledge of the Qur’an
822. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام :
822. Imam Ali (AS) said:
وَاللّهِ ما نَزَلَت آيَةٌ إلّا وقَد عَلِمتُ فيما نَزَلَت ،
“By God, not a verse was revealed [to the Prophet] except that I knew the purpose of its revelation,
وأينَ نَزَلَت ،
where it was revealed,
وعَلى مَن نَزَلَت ،
and on whom it was revealed.
إنَّ رَبّي وَهَبَ لي قَلبا عَقولاً ولِسانا طَلِقا .
My Lord has granted me a discerning heart and an eloquent tongue.”
الطبقات الكبرى : ج2 ص338 .
Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, vol. 2, p. 338.
823. عنه عليه السلام :
823. Imam Ali (AS) said:
ذلِكَ القُرآنُ فَاستَنطِقوهُ ولَن يَنطِقَ لَكُم ،
“That is the Qur’an. If you cause it to speak, it will not speak to you,
اُخبِرُكُم عَنهُ :
but I will inform you about it.
إنَّ فيهِ عِلمَ ما مَضى ،
Indeed, it contains knowledge of the past,
وعِلمَ ما يَأتي إلى يَومِ القِيامَةِ ،
knowledge of what is to come up to the Day of Judgement,
وحُكمَ ما بَينَكُم ،
judgement of what is between yourselves,
وبَيانَ ما أصبَحتُم فيهِ تَختَلِفونَ ،
and a clarification of that which you disagree about.
فَلَو سَأَلتُموني عَنهُ لَعَلَّمتُكُم .
If you question me about it, I will teach you.”
الكافي : ج 1 ص 61 ح 7 .
Al-Kafi, vol. 1, p. 61, h. 7.
ج ـ عِلمُ الدّينِ
Knowledge of Religion
824. فضائل الصحابة عن عبد اللّه :
824. Fadail al-Sahabah, reporting from Abdullah, who said:
أعلَمُ أهلِ المَدينَةِ بِالفَرائِضِ عَلِيُّ بنُ أبيطالِبٍ .
“The most knowledgable of the people of Medina concerning the rulings of inheritance is Ali ibn Abi Talib (AS).”
فضائل الصحابة لابن حنبل : ج1 ص534 ح888 .
Fadail al-Sahabah, by Ibn Hanbal, vol. 1, p. 534, h. 888.
825. التاريخ الكبير عن عائشة :عَلِيٌّ أعلَمُ النّاسِ بِالسُّنَّةِ .
825. Al-Tarikh al-Kabir, reporting from Aisha, who said: “Ali is the most knowledgeable person about the [Prophetic] precedent.”
التاريخ الكبير : ج2 ص255 الرقم 2377 .
Al-Tarikh al-Kabir, vol. 2, p. 255, h. 2377.
د ـ عِلمُ الشَّرائِعِ
Knowledge of the Revealed Law
826. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام :
826. Imam Ali (AS) said:
أنَا وَاللّهِ أعلَمُ بِالتَّوراةِ مِن أهلِ التَّوراةِ ،
“By God, I am more knowledgeable about the Torah than the people of the Torah,
وأعلَمُ بِالإِنجيلِ مِن أهلِ الإِنجيلِ ،
more knowledgeable about the Gospels than the people of the Gospels,
وأعلَمُ بِالقُرآنِ مِن أهلِ القُرآنِ .
and more knowledgeable about the Quran than the people of the Qur’an.”
كتاب سليم بن قيس : ج2 ص913 ح65 .
Kitàb Sulaim ibn Qays, vol. 2, p. 913, h. 65.
ه ـ عِلمُ البَلايا وَالمَنايا
Knowledge of Tribulations and Deaths
827. الإمام الصادق عليه السلام :
827. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said:
كانَ أميرُ المُؤمِنينَ عليه السلام كَثيرا ما يَقولُ : . . .
“The Commander of the Faithful (AS) would frequently say:
ولَقَد اُعطيتُ خِصالاً ما سَبَقَني إلَيها أحَدٌ قَبلي ،
“I was given qualities which were given to no one before me:
عُلِّمتُ المَنايا وَالبَلايا ، وَالأَنسابَ وفَصلَ الخِطابِ ،
I was taught knowledge of deaths and tribulations, lineage and conclusive speech.
فَلَم يَفُتني ما سَبَقَني ،
I did not miss any of the knowledge that (had) passed me by,
ولَم يَعزُب عَنّي ما غابَ عَنّي ،
nor did anything escape me that was hidden from me.
اُبَشِّرُ بِإِذنِ اللّهِ واُؤَدّي عَنهُ ،
I give good tidings with God’s permission and do my duties towards Him.
كُلُّ ذلِكَ مِنَ اللّهِ مَكَّنَني فيهِ بِعِلمِهِ .
All of this is from God who has made it possible for me through His knowlede.”
الكافي : ج1 ص196 ح1 .
Al-Kafi, vol. 1, p. 196, h. 1.
و ـ عِلمُ ما كانَ وما يَكونُ
Knowledge of What Was and What Is
828. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام :
828. Imam Ali (AS) said:
إنَّ رَسولَ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه و آله التَقَمَ اُذُني وعَلَّمَني ما كانَ وما يَكونُ إلى يَومِ القِيامَةِ ،
“The Messenger of God (SA) spoke into my ear and taught me that which was and that which is up to the Day of Judgement.
فَساقَ اللّهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ ذلِكَ إلَيَّ عَلى لِسانِ نَبِيِّهِ صلى الله عليه و آله .
God directed that to me from the mouth of his Prophet (SA).”
الخصال : ص576 ح1 .
Al-Khisal, p. 576, h. 1.
