331 - القِصاص‏

331. RETRIBUTION (qisas) ¹

1527 - تَشرِيعُ القِصاصِ وَاهمَّيتهُ‏

1527. LEGISLATION OF RETRIBUTION AND ITS IMPORTANCE

(وَلَكُم فِي الْقِصاصِ حَياةٌ يا أُولِي الأَلْبابِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ) .²

"There is life for you in retribution, O you who possess intellects! Maybe you will be Godwary." ³

(الشَّهْرُ الْحَرَامُ بِالشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ وَالْحُرُماتُ قِصاصٌ فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى‏ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاعْتَدُوا عَلَيْهِ بِمِثْلِ ما اعْتَدَى‏ عَلَيْكُمْ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ) .⁴

"A sacred month for a sacred month, and all sanctities require retribution. So should anyone aggress against you, assail him in the manner he assailed you, and be wary of Allah, and know that Allah is with the Godwary." ⁵

(وَكَتَبْنا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيها أَنَّ النَّفْسَ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالْعَيْنَ بِالْعَيْنِ والأَنْفَ بِالأَنْفِ وَالأُذُنَ بِالأُذُنِ والسِّنَّ بِالسِّنِّ وَالْجُرُوحَ قِصاصٌ فَمَنَ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُم بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ) .⁶

"And in it We prescribed for them: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose foe a nose, and an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and retaliation for wounds. Yet whoever remits out of charity, that shall be an atonement for him. Those who do not judge by who Allah has sent down it is they who are the wrongdoers." ⁷

5238.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : يا أيُّها الناسُ ، إنّما أنا بَشَرٌ مِثلُكُم ، ولَعلّهُ أن يكونَ قد قَرُبَ مِنّي خُفوفٌ مِن بينِ أظهُرِكُم ، فَمَن كُنتُ أصَبتُ مِن عِرضِهِ أو مِن شَعرِهِ أو مِن بَشَرِهِ أو مِن مالِهِ شَيئاً ، هذا عِرضُ مُحمّدٍ وشَعرُهُ وبَشَرُهُ ومالُهُ فَلْيَقُمْ فَلْيَقتَصَّ ! ولا يَقولَنَّ أحَدٌ مِنكُم : إنّي أتَخَوَّفُ مِن مُحمّدٍ العَداوَةَ والشَّحناءَ ، ألا وإنّهُما لَيسَتا مِن طَبِيعَتي ولَيسَتا مِن خُلُقي .⁸

5238.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O people, verily I am a human being like you, and it might be that my departure from among you is close, so whoever I have afflicted whether it be in their honour, one strand of their hair, their skin, their money, here is the honour, hair, skin, and money of Muhammad, so they should stand up and take their reprisals! And none of you should say: I fear the enmity and grudge of Muhammad. Verily, these two are not of my nature and not of my morals.' ⁹

5239.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أيُّها الناسُ ، أحيُوا القِصاصَ وأحيُوا الحَقَّ ولا تَفَرَّقُوا ، وأسلِموا وسَلِّموا تَسلَموا .¹⁰

5239.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O people, revive retribution and revive the truth, and do not disperse. Be Muslims and submit and you will be saved.' ¹¹

5240.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : فَرَضَ اللَّهُ الإيمانَ تَطهيراً مِن الشِّركِ ... والقِصاصَ حَقناً للدِّماءِ .¹²

5240.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah ordained faith to be purification from polytheism...and retribution to act as prevention of bloodshed.' ¹³

5241.الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏: (ولَكُم في القِصاصِ حَياةٌ) - : لأنَّ مَن هَمَّ بالقَتلِ فَعَرَفَ أ نّهُ يُقتَصُّ مِنهُ فكَفَّ لِذلكَ عنِ القَتلِ كانَ حَياةً لِلّذي (كانَ) هَمَّ بقَتلِهِ ، وحَياةً لهذا الجاني الذي أرادَ أن يَقتُلَ ، وحَياةً لغَيرِهِما مِن الناسِ إذا عَلِموا أنَّ القِصاصَ واجِبٌ لا يَجرؤونَ علَى القَتلِ مَخافَةَ القِصاصِ .¹⁴

5241. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: "There is life for you in retribution" said, 'Because whoever intends to kill and knows that he will be punished as a result, and refrains from doing so, there will be [a new] life for the person who he intended to kill, for the criminal who wanted to kill, and life for people other than these two who know that retribution is obligatory and they do not dare kill for fear of retribution.' ¹⁵

1526 - دُورُ الاقتِصادِ فِي الغِنى‏

1526. THE ROLE OF ECONOMISING IN ONE'S NEEDLESSNESS

5234.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَنِ اقتَصَدَ أغناهُ اللَّهُ .¹

5234.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever economizes, Allah will enrich them.' ²

5235.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الاقتِصادُ بُلغَةٌ .³

5235.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Economising is subsistence.' ⁴

5236.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الاقتِصادُ يُنمي القليلَ ، الإسرافُ يُفني الجَزيلَ .⁵

5236.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Economising increases the little, and wasting destroys the abundant.' ⁶

5237.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ضَمِنتُ لِمَنِ اقتَصَدَ أن لا يَفتَقِرَ .⁷

5237.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, I guarantee that he who adopts moderation would not become poor' ⁸